Gasi rekurapa rinoreva gasi rinoshandiswa mukurapa.Mamwe anoshandiswa zvakananga kurapwa;mamwe anoshandiswa kutindivadza;mamwe anoshandiswa kutyaira michina yekurapa uye maturusi;mamwe anoshandiswa pakuedza kwekurapa uye mabhakitiriya uye embryo tsika.Inowanzoshandiswa iokisijeni, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, argon, helium, nitrogen uye mhepo yakamanikidzwa.
Chimiro uye kushandiswa kwegasi rekurapa:
1. Oxygen (Oxygen) The molecular formula of oxygen is O2.Iyo yakasimba oxidizer uye combustion enhancer.Kana okisijeni yakakwira ikasangana negirizi, inova neakasimba oxidation reaction, inoburitsa tembiricha yakanyanya, uye kunyange kupisa uye kuputika.Naizvozvo, yakanyorwa seKirasi B yengozi yemoto chinhu mu "Code yeMoto Dziviriro Dhizaini yeZvivakwa".
Nekudaro, okisijeni ndiyo zvakare chinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza hupenyu, uye inoshandiswa mukurapa kuwedzera oxygen kune varwere vane hypoxic.Kufema kwakananga kweyakanyanya-kuchena okisijeni kunokuvadza kumuviri wemunhu, uye iyo oxygen kuunganidzwa kwekushandisa kwenguva yakareba kazhinji haipfuure 30-40%.Varwerewo zvavo vanofemera okisijeni kuburikidza nemabhodhoro anonyorovesa;varwere vanorwara zvakanyanya vanofemera okisijeni kuburikidza nemhepo inofefetera.Okisijeni inoshandiswawo mumakamuri ekudzvanya zvakanyanya kurapa chirwere chekunyura, chepfu yegasi, uye kugadzira mishonga yeatomi.
Iyo molecular formula ye nitrous oxide ndeye N2O.Igasi risina ruvara, rinonhuwirira, uye rinonhuwirira zvinotapira.Mushure mekufema zvishoma, tsandanyama dzechiso dzinoputika uye kutaura kwekuseka kuchaonekwa, saka inowanzonzi gasi rekuseka (kuseka-gasi).
Nitrous oxide haishande uye isingaparadzi patembiricha yekamuri;zvisinei, ichaita oxidize aruminiyamu, simbi, mhangura alloy uye dzimwe simbi kana kupisa;ichaora polypropylene pamusoro pe60°C.
Nitrous oxide inoora kuita nitrogen uye okisijeni kana tembiricha yadarika 650 ℃, saka ine simba rinotsigira kupisa.Pakupisa kwakanyanya, kudzvanywa kuri pamusoro pe15 atmospheres kunokonzera kupisa kwegirisi.
Gasi rinoseka rinonyungudika zvishoma mumvura, rinonyungudika zviri nyore muacetone, methanol uye ethanol, uye rinogona kuderedzwa uye kutorwa nealkaline mhinduro senge yakakwira-chlorine bleaching poda uye soda ash.
Mushure mokunge chidimbu chiduku che nitrous oxide chinoputirwa, ine anesthesia uye analgesic effect, asi kuwanda kwekufema kunogona kukonzera kupera.Mishonga, musanganiswa we nitrous oxide uye oksijeni (kuvhenganisa chiyero: 65% N2O + 35% O2) inoshandiswa seanesthetic, uye inoputirwa kumurwere kuburikidza nenzira yakavharwa kana mhepo.Panguva yeanesthesia, shandisa okisijeni yakarurama uye nitrous oxide inoyerera mamita kutarisa kusanganiswa kwehuwandu hwezviviri kudzivirira murwere kubva pakufema.Pakumisa kufema, murwere anofanira kupihwa oxygen kweanopfuura maminetsi gumi kudzivirira hypoxia.
Kushandisa nitrous oxide seanesthetic ine zvakanakira zvenguva pfupi induction, yakanaka analgesic mhedzisiro, kukurumidza kupora, uye hapana yakashata mhedzisiro pakufema, chiropa neitsvo.Asi ine zvishoma inhibitory mugumisiro pamusoro myocardium, tsandanyama kuzorora haina kukwana, uye general anesthesia haina simba.Nitrous oxide yega seanesthetic inokodzera maoparesheni madiki akadai sekubvisa zino, kudzoreredzwa kwekutyoka, abscess incision, suture yekuvhiya, kubvisa nhumbu, uye kusununguka kusingarwadzi.Mukushanda kukuru, inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nebarbiturates, succinylcholine, opiates, cyclopropane, ether, nezvimwewo kuwedzera maitiro.
Gasi rinoseka rinoshandiswawo sefiriji, inovuza yekuona agent, cream foaming agent, food protection, combustion-supporting agent, etc.
3. Carbon dioxide
Iyo molecular formula yecarbon dioxide ndeye CO2, inowanzozivikanwa secarbon dioxide.Igasi risina ruvara, rinovava, uye rine chepfu shoma.Iyo haishande pakudziya kwekamuri, inonyungudika mumvura, uye kunyungudika kwayo i 0.144g/100g mvura (25℃).Pa20 ° C, carbon dioxide inogona kuva mvura isina ruvara nekuimanikidza ku5.73 × 106 Pa, iyo inowanzomanikidzirwa uye kuchengetwa muhumburumbira.Carbon dioxide inogona kugadzirwa kuita aizi yakaoma nekudzvanya (5.27 × 105Pa) uye kutonhora (pazasi -56.6 ℃).Aizi yakaoma inogona kuiswa zvakananga kuita gasi pa 1.013 × 105 Pa (atmospheric pressure) uye -78.5°C.Kana iyo mvura kabhoni dhaikisaidhi inokurumidza kunyungudutswa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakaderedzwa, chikamu chegasification chekupisa chinoita kuti chimwe chikamu chidzimirwe kuita sechando chakaita sechando, icho chinomanikidza sinou-sechando chakasimba kuita aizi-yakaoma (aizi yakaoma).
Muganho wakachengeteka wecarbon dioxide zviri mumhepo ndeye 0.5%.Kana ikapfuura 3%, inokanganisa muviri.Kana ikapfuura 7%, inokonzeresa coma.Kana ikapfuura 20%, inokonzeresa rufu.
Mukurapa, kabhoni dhaibhoni inoshandiswa kupinza mudumbu mhango uye colon ye laparoscopy uye fiber colonoscopy.Pamusoro pezvo, inoshandiswawo kurima mabhakitiriya (anaerobic bacteria) murabhoritari.High-pressure carbon dioxide inogonawo kushandiswa mu cryotherapy kurapa cataract uye zvirwere zvevascular.
Carbon dioxide haibatike, isingabatiki, uye inorema kudarika mweya (density 1.977g/L pasi pemamiriro akajairwa, ayo angangoita 1.5 nguva yemhepo), inogona kuvhara pamusoro pezvinhu uye kuparadzanisa mhepo, saka inowanzoshandiswa Kudzima moto, inoshandiswa ku carbon dioxide shielded welding (inoshandiswa kuparadzanisa oksijeni), nezvimwewo. Aizi yakaoma inogona kushandiswa sefiriji, musanganiswa we sterilization, uye inoshandiswa pakunaya kwemvura.
4. Argon
Iyo molecular formula ye argon ndeye Ar.Igasi risina ruvara, risinganhuhwi uye risiri-chepfu inert.Iyo haibatike, isingabatike, uye haisanganisi nemakemikari nezvimwe zvinhu, saka inogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza simbi kubva kune oxidation.
Iyo argon gasi inoiswa muargon gasi ion pasi pekuita kweiyo frequency uye yakanyanya kudzvanywa.Iyi argon gasi ion ine yakanakisa conductivity uye inogona kuramba ichiendesa ikozvino.Iyo argon gasi pachayo inogona kuderedza kutonhora kwevanga panguva yekushanda, uye kuderedza oxidation uye carbonization (utsi, eschar) yenyama yakakuvadzwa.Nokudaro, inowanzoshandiswa pahuwandu hwepamusoro mukurapa kwekurapa.
Zvishandiso zvekuvhiya zvakaita seargon banga.
Argon inoshandiswawo mu argon shielded welding, mwenje wefluorescent, wakabatanidzwa wedunhu kugadzira, nezvimwe.
5. Helium (helium)
Iyo molecular formula yehelium ndiHe.Iyo zvakare isina ruvara, isinganhuwi uye isina-chepfu inert gasi.Iyo haibatike, isingabatike, uye haisanganisi nemakemikari nezvimwe zvinhu, saka inogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza simbi kubva kune oxidation.Mukurapa, inowanzoshandiswa muzviridzwa zvekuvhiya senge high-frequency helium mapanga.
6. Nitrogen
Iyo molecular formula ye nitrogen ndeye N2.Igasi risina ruvara, risinganhuhwi, risiri muchetura, risingabatike.Iyo haishande pakudziya kwekamuri uye haibatike mumakemikari nesimbi dzakajairwa.Nokudaro, nitrogen yakachena inowanzoshandiswa kune simbi inorwisa-corrosion, yakadai sekuzadza ma bulbs, anti-ngura uye kuchengetedzwa kwemhepo-yakazadzwa nezvinhu, kuchengetedza, kudzivirira kwekudzivirira, kushandiswa kwegesi, etc. Inoshandiswawo kugadzira ammonia, kugadzira nitric acid. , zvinoputika, nitrogen fertilizer, nezvimwewo, uye ine zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa.
Mushonga unoshandiswa kutyaira midziyo yekurapa uye maturusi.
Liquid nitrogen inowanzoshandiswa mu cryotherapy mukuvhiya, stomatology, gynecology, uye ophthalmology kurapa hemangioma, kenza yeganda, acne, hemorrhoids, rectal cancer, siyana polyps, cataracts, glaucoma, uye artificial insemination.
7. Mhepo yakamanikidzwa (mhepo)
Mhepo yakadzvanywa inoshandiswa kufambisa simba remuromo zvekuvhiya zviridzwa, orthopedic zviridzwa, maventilator, nezvimwe.
Pamusoro pemagasi manomwe ari pamusoro anowanzo shandiswa, kunewo mamwe-akakosha-chinangwa magasi ekurapa:
8. Kurapa hernia
Iyo yekurapa xenon gasi inonyanya kushandiswa mugasi chubhu CT muchina.Iyo xenon gasi inomutsa ionization nekutora simba, uye ayoni ayo anomhanyisa mumunda wemagetsi uye anorova simbi ndiro kuti ibudise X-rays.Nekuti kunyumwa uye kutapurirana kweX-rays nematishu emunhu akasiyana, inopfuura Iyo komputa inobata data remuviri wemunhu mushure mekunge X-rays yaiswa irradiation, uyezve muchinjiko-chikamu kana matatu-dimensional mufananidzo wemuviri kuve. kuongororwa kunogona kubatwa.
9. Krypton
Inonyanya kushandiswa seyaibatsira zvinhu zvelaser source excitation muzvipatara kuti iwedzere kusimba kweiyo yekutanga laser sosi, kuitira kuti iwane kunyatso ongororwa uye kurapwa kwezvirwere nevarapi.
10. Neon
Inonyanya kushandiswa mukuchenesa uye kutsiva gasi yelaser yekuvhiya michina inowanzoshandiswa muzvipatara.Izvo zvinodiwa chaizvo zvinotemwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzekuvhiya laser muchipatara.
11. Gasi rakasanganiswa
▲N2+CO2 kana CO2+H2
Inonyanya kushandiswa kune anaerobic bacteria tsika muzvipatara, iyo inoshanda chinangwa chekurima mabhakitiriya anodiwa nekudya, inofambisa kuonekwa kwemhando dzebhakitiriya, uye inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuziva mabhakitiriya, izvo zvinobatsira kuchipatara kuongororwa uye kurapwa.
▲5-10%CO2/Mhepo
Inoshandiswa mucerebral circulatory system, chinangwa ndechekusimudzira uye kukurumidza kufambira mberi kweropa rekutenderera kwecerebral circulation, uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwecerebral circulation.
▲Medical ternary yakasanganiswa gasi
Inonyanya kushandiswa sero tsika uye embryo tsika.Igasi rinowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzekuzvara dzechipatara uye zvimwe zvikamu.
12. Kutsunga kweropa rinobatsira gasi
Inonyanya kushandiswa kuchengetedza kupatsanurwa uye kugadzikana kwezvikamu zveropa panguva yekuyera ropa, kuitira kunyatsoverenga huwandu hwechikamu chimwe nechimwe, semasero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, nezvimwewo.
13, mapapu anoparadzira gasi
Inonyanya kushandiswa kuvhiyiwa kwemapapu kuwedzera huwandu, kufambisa basa uye kudzivirira mapapu atrophy kubva pakuita diki.
14. Disinfection uye sterilization gasi
15. Excimer laser gasi
16. Kubudisa uye kurapwa kwemhepo inopedza gasi uye tsvina yemvura
Waste liquid
Iyo tsvina yemvura inogadzirwa mukurapa inosanganisira sputum, pus uye ropa, ascites, kugeza tsvina, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kuunganidzwa uye kugadziriswa neavacuum suction system.
Anesthetic waste gasi
Kazhinji inoreva kune yakasanganiswa gasi rekuburitsa rakaburitswa nemurwere panguva yeanesthesia.Zvikamu zvayo zvikuru ndeye nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, mhepo, enflurane, sevoflurane, isoflurane uye mamwe magasi ether.
Anesthetic tsvina gasi inokuvadza kune vashandi vezvokurapa.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakaderera-asidhi mugasi rekuburitsa ine corrosive mhedzisiro pamidziyo, saka iyo anesthetic yekupedza gasi inoburitswa nemurwere.
Inofanirwa kuunganidzwa, kugadziriswa kana kuderedzwa neAnesthetic Gas Scavenging System uye kuburitswa kunze kwechivako.
Parizvino, nzira yekurapa inowanzoshandiswa ndeyekutora gasi reanesthetic tsvina ine activated carbon wobva waipisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-16-2021